title=C++ Programming: Language Default Operators

Table of operators

Operators in the same group have the same precedence and the order of evaluation is decided by the associativity (left-to-right or right-to-left). Operators in a preceding group have higher precedence than those in a subsequent group.


Operators Description Example Usage Associativity
Scope Resolution Operator —
:: unary scope resolution operator
for globals		 ::NUM_ELEMENTS
:: binary scope resolution operator
for class and namespace members		 std::cout

Function Call, Member Access, Post-Increment/Decrement Operators, RTTI and C++ Casts Left to right
() function call operator swap (x, y)
[] array index operator arr [i]
. member access operator
for an object of class/union type
or a reference to it		 obj.member
-> member access operator
for a pointer to an object of
class/union type		 ptr->member
++ -- post-increment/decrement operators num++
typeid() run time type identification operator
for an object or type		 typeid (std::cout)
typeid (std::iostream)
static_cast<>()
dynamic_cast<>()
const_cast<>()
reinterpret_cast<>() 		C++ style cast operators
for compile-time type conversion
See Type Casting for more info 		static_cast<float> (i)
dynamic_cast<std::istream> (stream)
const_cast<char*> ("Hello, World!")
reinterpret_cast<const long*> ("C++")
type() functional cast operator
(static_cast is preferred
for conversion to a primitive type) 		float (i)
also used as a constructor call
for creating a temporary object, esp.
of a class type		 std::string ("Hello, world!", 0, 5)

Unary Operators Right to left
!, not logical not operator !eof_reached
~, compl bitwise not operator ~mask
+ - unary plus/minus operators -num
++ -- pre-increment/decrement operators ++num
&, bitand address-of operator &data
* indirection operator *ptr
new
new[]
new()
new()[] 		new operators
for single objects or arrays 		new std::string (5, '*')
new int [100]
new (raw_mem) int
new (arg1, arg2) int [100]
delete
delete[]		 delete operator
for pointers to single objects or arrays		 delete ptr
delete[] arr
sizeof
sizeof()		 sizeof operator
for expressions or types		 sizeof 123
sizeof (int)
(type) C-style cast operator (deprecated) (float)i

Member Pointer Operators Right to left
.* member pointer access operator
for an object of class/union type
or a reference to it		 obj.*memptr
->* member pointer access operator
for a pointer to an object of
class/union type		 ptr->*memptr

Multiplicative Operators Left to right
* / % multiplication, division and
modulus operators		 celsius_diff * 9 / 5

Additive Operators Left to right
+ - addition and subtraction operators end - start + 1

Bitwise Shift Operators Left to right
<<
>>		 left and right shift operators bits << shift_len
bits >> shift_len

Relational Inequality Operators Left to right
< > <= >= less-than, greater-than, less-than or
equal-to, greater-than or equal-to		 i < num_elements

Relational Equality Operators Left to right
== !=, not_eq equal-to, not-equal-to choice != 'n'

Bitwise And Operator Left to right
&, bitand bits & clear_mask_complement

Bitwise Xor Operator Left to right
^, xor bits ^ invert_mask

Bitwise Or Operator Left to right
|, bitor bits | set_mask

Logical And Operator Left to right
&&, and arr != 0 && arr->len != 0

Logical Or Operator Left to right
||, or arr == 0 || arr->len == 0

Conditional Operator Right to left
?: size >= 0 ? size : 0

Assignment Operators Right to left
= assignment operator i = 0
+= -= *= /= %=
&=, and_eq
|=, or_eq
^=, xor_eq <<= >>= 		shorthand assignment operators
(foo op= bar represents
foo = foo op bar)		 num /= 10

Exceptions —
throw throw "Array index out of bounds"

Comma Operator Left to right
, i = 0, j = i + 1, k = 0
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